The Kun Hexagram is composed of six yin lines, and the change of each line has different symbolic meanings. The specific analysis is as following.On the frost, the solid ice is coming." This line implies that when one steps on frost, it indicates that freezing days are approaching. It emphasizes the need to be alert and observant, as small omens can foreshadow major changes. If this line changes, it forms the Fu Hexagram, symbolizing new life, recovery, and cycle.
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问 3. Exploring the Changes in a Single Line of the Kun Hexagram
Choose one line from the Kun hexagram (lines 1 to 6 or the "all sixes" case). Briefly discuss:
•Key Characteristics of the Line:
–What is the symbolic meaning of the line?
–How does its position (e.g., yin/yang, location in the hexagram) influence its interpretation?
•Connection to Its Alternating Hexagram:
–Which hexagram does Kun become when this line changes?
–How does the meaning of the new hexagram relate to or develop the message of the original line?
Example:
•If you choose Line 1 ("Treading on hoarfrost"), you might note:
–It warns of impending change based on early signs.
–Its alternation to Turning Back (Hexagram 24) emphasizes the need to retreat or prepare cautiously.
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-Symbolic Meaning: The second line of Kun is "直方大，不习无不利" (Straight, square, great; not needing to be learned, there is nothing not beneficial). It symbolizes the inherent virtue of the earth—being straight (upright), square (upright and proper), and great (all-encompassing). It represents a state of natural goodness and inherent excellence, where one acts with integrity and generosity without relying on deliberate learning or calculation, yet everything turns out favorable.
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This line ("Dragons fight in the meadow") symbolizes the violent conflict that arises when receptive yielding (Kun) reaches its extreme and clashes with assertive force. Its position as the top line shows that carrying any principle to its limit invites reversal and struggle.
This line changes into Qian (Hexagram 1 - The Creative). This transformation reveals that the resolution to the conflict lies in embracing Qian's strong, active, and decisive energy, balancing Kun's extreme passivity. -
take the sixth line of Kun hexagram, "Dragon battles in the field, its blood is black and yellow" as an example.
Key Characteristics of the Line
Symbolic Meaning: This line symbolizes the extreme situation where yin energy confronts yang energy . "Dragon battles in the field" indicates that the power of yin has reached its limit and conflicts with yang, resulting in a fierce battle . The description of "its blood is black and yellow" implies a lose-lose situation in the conflict .
Influence of Position: As the topmost爻 of Kun hexagram, it represents the extreme of yin. In the hexagram structure, the top position is usually a critical point. Here, the excessive yin triggers suspicion and confrontation from yang, which is the root cause of the "battle" .
Connection to Its Alternating Hexagram
Changed Hexagram: When the sixth line of Kun hexagram changes, it becomes the Mountain over Earth (Bo) hexagram
Relationship between the Meanings: The Mountain over Earth hexagram implies decline and peeling. The transition from Kun hexagram to Mountain over Earth hexagram reflects the consequence of the excessive development of yin energy in the original line. The "battle" in the sixth line of Kun hexagram leads to a state of decline, which is consistent with the meaning of Mountain over Earth hexagram. It shows that when yin energy is too extreme, it will inevitably lead to a situation of decline and conflict, further deepening the警示 significance of the original line
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Line chosen: Kun 坤, “All sixes.
Key characteristics
- Symbolic meaning: The entire hexagram is pure yin (broken lines). When “all sixes” appears, every line is movable; yin surrenders its dominance and yang is about to be born. It is the moment when earth has fulfilled its task of nurturing and must now open space for new creative energy.
- Positional influence: Because every line is yin and every place is occupied by the yielding, the stress is not on any single position but on the totality of receptivity. The change is announced from the bottom up: the first stir of yang is already present in the hidden seed, though not yet visible.
Alternating hexagram
When each yin line becomes yang, Kun turns into Qian 乾, Heaven, the creative.
Relation of meanings
Kun’s counsel is “serve, support, carry”; Qian’s counsel is “initiate, lead, create.” The “all sixes” line is therefore the hinge: only after earth has fully received, shaped and matured the hidden potential (Kun) can the creative power (Qian) burst forth. The message of the line is that perfect receptivity naturally ushers in new creativity; the moment of total yielding is exactly the moment strength returns.
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Kun Line 6: "Dragons fight; blood is black and yellow." Symbolizes the violent conflict from pushing yielding (Kun) to its extreme. As the top yin line, it represents the culmination and exhaustion of passive energy, leading to chaotic struggle.
Alternates to Hexagram 23 . This change confirms the line's warning: the internal clash directly results in a state of collapse and decay, showing the inevitable downfall from such a extreme confrontation.
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Analysis of the Second Line of the Kun Hexagram
1. Key Characteristics of the Line
- Symbolic Meaning: The second line of Kun (Liu Er) symbolizes gentle obedience and perfect propriety. It embodies the virtue of the earth, which is broad-minded and bears all things, acting moderately, inclusively, and appropriately in interpersonal relationships or business dealings, serving as a model of compliant virtue.
- Influence of Position: In terms of yin-yang attribute, it is a yin line. In terms of its position in the hexagram, it is in the middle position of the lower trigram. The "middle" means acting appropriately and without bias. A "yin line in the middle" reinforces its interpretation of being gentle and upholding integrity, reflecting the trait of adhering to the right path in gentleness.
2. Connection to Its Alternating Hexagram
- Which Hexagram Kun Becomes: When the second line of Kun (yin line) changes to a yang line, Kun becomes Hexagram Yu (the 16th hexagram).
- Relationship Between the New Hexagram and the Original Line: Hexagram Yu means joy and preparation, emphasizing the joy derived from acting in accordance with the times and the need for advance preparation. The gentle obedience and perfect propriety of the original line Liu Er lay the foundation for this "joy" and "preparation"—acting with gentle obedience and perfect propriety allows one to conform to the trend of the times, thereby gaining joy, and being upright enables one to make comprehensive preparations in advance. The meaning of the new hexagram is an extension and development of the traits of the original line after the change.
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Hexagram Line 6: "Dragons fight in the wild; their blood is black and yellow"
Key Traits: Extreme Yin clashes with Yang (over-yielding causes mutual destruction); topmost Yin line (Yin’s peak, impending reversal).
Changed Hexagram: Bo (Hexagram 23).
Link: Bo means "decline," reflecting the fallout of Line 6’s excessive softness
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Line Chosen: First Six (Line 1）
Key Characteristics
Symbolic meaning: "Treading on hoarfrost, the solid ice is coming" – signifies foresight: detecting early signs of change and preparing for future challenges.
Position influence: Bottom line (initial stage), yin in a yang position – emphasizes caution, gradual accumulation, and the need for vigilance at the beginning of a situation.
Connection to Alternating Hexagram
Becomes Hexagram 24 (Return / Fù) when this line changes.
Relationship: Kun warns of impending difficulty; Return (Fù) shows the natural turnaround after darkness – reinforcing that caution leads to renewal and cyclical hope.
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Let’s take Line 5 of Kun Hexagram as an example:Key Characteristics of the Line: Symbolic Meaning: Line 5 of Kun is “Yellow Light” (黄裳). Yellow symbolizes the center and balance in traditional Chinese culture, while “裳” (lower garment) represents humility and compliance. This line conveys a state of noble humility—one who is in a high position yet remains modest and aligned with the receptive nature of Kun.
- Position Influence: It is a yin line in the fifth position. In the I Ching, the fifth position is the “ruling” or “noble” position. For a yin line (which embodies receptivity, softness) to occupy this noble spot, it highlights the value of humble leadership—leading through yielding, harmonizing, and following the natural order, rather than force.
Connection to Its Alternating Hexagram:
- Hexagram After Change: When Line 5 of Kun changes (yin becomes yang), Kun transforms into Hexagram 31: Influence (Hsun).
- Relationship to Original Line’s Message: Hexagram 31 is about “Influence through Accord” (咸), emphasizing emotional connection, empathy, and harmonious interaction. The original Line 5 of Kun focuses on humble receptivity in leadership; its alternating hexagram, Influence, expands this idea to interpersonal harmony and empathetic influence. Just as “Yellow Light” embodies humble alignment, Hexagram 31 shows how such receptivity and humility can foster deep, harmonious connections with others—turning individual humility into a force for collective accord.
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I choose Line 2 of Kun hexagram
-It symbolizes possessing talent yet remaining modest, serving without seeking recognition, and seeing tasks through to the end.
–Its alternation to Progress (Hexagram 35) emphasizes that such humility and steadfast service naturally lead to steady, virtuous advancement.
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Kun Hexagram, First Line: "Treading on hoarfrost, the solid ice is coming"
· Symbolic Meaning:
Warns of foreseeing major change from subtle signs (e.g., frost implying impending ice), emphasizing vigilance and caution in stable conditions.
Position Influence:
As the bottom line , it highlights how easily early warnings are overlooked, urging proactive attention to nascent trends.
Alternating Hexagram:
Changes to Hexagram 24 , reinforcing the need to retreat or reflect to enable renewal—aligning with the original message of preparing for change through caution.
Key Connection:
The shift to Return transforms early warning into active cyclical renewal, underscoring I Ching’s theme of change through awareness.
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Nine in the Second Place : The line statement is "Straight, square, great. Without purpose, yet nothing remains unhurt." This line represents the state of following the correct path. Being straight and square symbolizes integrity and correctness, and "great" means having great virtue. Without a specific purpose, everything can develop smoothly. If this line changes, the original hexagram turns into the Lin Hexagram , which symbolizes approaching and guiding.
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Chosen Line:Top Six (上六): "Dragons fight in the wild. Their blood is dark and yellow."
Key Characteristics:This line symbolizes the extreme culmination of pure yin energy, which becomes so rigid it paradoxically triggers a violent, masculine-style conflict (represented by the dragons fighting). Its position as the top yin line means passivity has reached its limit and reverses into its opposite.
Alternating Hexagram (Hexagram 23 - Bo / Splitting Apart):This change to Splitting Apart directly shows the consequence of the conflict: decay and the near-complete erosion of Yang energy. It develops the original message by illustrating that the extreme passive state leads not just to conflict but to inevitable collapse and decline.
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Line 6 of Kun Hexagram (All Sixes Case: "There is a large fish in the abyss; no blame, no praise.")Symbolic Meaning: This line symbolizes a state of profound stillness, depth, and completeness in yin energy. It represents a powerful, hidden potential (like a large fish in the deep abyss) that is neither overstepping (no blame) nor seeking recognition (no praise). It embodies the ultimate fulfillment of Kun’s receptive nature, where yin has reached a stage of mature, unassuming power.
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I choose All sixes. All sixes indicates that all yin lines alternate to yang lines. It represents a phase where yin energy reaches its peak and thus transforms, embodying the idea of “the superior person benefits all without taking credit” — emphasizing virtue in serving and nurturing without seeking recognition.
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The most important part of the Kun Hexagram is "Yong Liu". It means being flexible and adaptable while staying true to your principles—this is true strength. When all the lines in Kun change, it becomes the Qian Hexagram. This shows that Kun's role of supporting and nurturing others ultimately helps bring forth Qian's power of creation and leadership.
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This text focuses on exploring the changes in a single line of the Kun Hexagram. The Kun Hexagram, one of the 64 hexagrams in the I Ching, is characterized by pure yin, symbolizing the earth,gentleness and compliance, and inclusiveness. In the theory of hexagram line changes, altering the yin-yang attribute of a single line of the Kun Hexagram will transform the original hexagram into a new one, thereby generating different interpretations of hexagram principles, which are applied in fields such as divination and philosophical speculation to explore the developmental trends of things.
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Line 2 symbolizes that one should maintain integrity, righteousness, and a broad mind. "Straight" represents uprightness in heart, "square" implies righteousness in behavior, and "great" signifies a broad and inclusive spirit. It suggests that as long as one possesses these qualities, they can handle things well even without much experience.
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I choose line 4 of kun hexagram
Tie up the sack, no blame, no praise
before (Kun Hexagram):
Maintain a low profile, avoid revealing intentions, and accumulate resources.
later(Yu Hexagram):When the time is ripe, act decisively and leverage interpersonal connections to achieve success.
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Line1.
Symbolic Meaning: The line text states: "Treading on hoarfrost; the solid ice will come." This is a powerful metaphor for the initial, subtle signs of a trend or a problem. Just as hoarfrost on the ground is the first indication of the coming winter and the eventual hard ice, this line signifies that major events or consequences often begin with small, almost imperceptible beginnings. It is a strong warning to be perceptive, cautious, and mindful of the initial direction one is taking, as it will determine the future outcome.
Influence of Position: This is a yin line (broken) in a yin position (the first, bottom line). This makes it a "correct" position, meaning its yielding nature is appropriate for its place. Being at the very bottom of the most receptive and yielding hexagram, it emphasizes the quality of initial submission and careful attention. One is not acting forcefully but is rather sensing and responding to the environment.
Alternating Hexagram: When this first line changes from a broken (yin) line to a solid (yang) line, the entire hexagram transforms. Kun becomes Fu .
Relationship of Meanings: The message of the new hexagram, Fu, develops and completes the warning in the original Kun line. Kun Line 1warns that treading on frost means knowing ice is coming. It is about recognizing the initial, subtle signs of a negative or difficult path. Hexagram 24, Fu is about the return of light and positivity after a dark period. It symbolizes a turnaround, a new beginning, and the resurgence of positive energy.
The connection is profound: The original line advises caution upon seeing the first signs of trouble (Kun). By changing this line, the hexagram shows that heeding this warning—by stopping, turning back, and correcting course early (Fu)—is precisely how one avoids the impending difficulty and initiates a positive return to the right path. The alternating hexagram provides the solution implied by the original line's warning.
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I choose Line 6 of the Kun hexagram ("Dragons battle in the field, their blood is black and yellow"):
– It symbolizes extreme conflict between yin and yang, as yin energy reaches its limit and clashes fiercely with yang, leading to chaos. Its position as the topmost yin line of Kun means yin’s excessive strength and stubbornness make this conflict inevitable.
– Its alternation to the Bo hexagram (Hexagram 23, "Peeling") emphasizes the shift after conflict: yin’s dominance starts to decline, and yang begins to emerge, developing the original line’s message of a crisis - driven transition in the overall situation.
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· Symbolic Meaning:
Represents hidden talent or virtue that must be nurtured inwardly rather than flaunted. It emphasizes humble service (e.g., supporting a leader) without seeking personal glory, prioritizing enduring integrity over immediate success.
· Position Influence:
As the third line (transition from inner to outer trigrams), it occupies a precarious "mid-level" position—neither fully hidden nor fully expressed. This reflects the tension between restraint and action, urging caution against premature revelation of one’s capabilities.
· Alternating Hexagram:
Changes to Hexagram 2 (Kun → Gen, Mountain 艮卦) when the line shifts from yin to yang. Gen hexagram symbolizes stillness, restraint, and stopping, aligning with the original line’s call for inward focus and patience.
· Key Connection:
The transformation to Gen (Mountain) deepens the message: by halting rash action and embracing stillness, one ensures "有终"—turning potential failure into sustainable outcomes through disciplined restraint. -
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The third line of the Kun hexagram reads' Hanzhang Kezhen ', which means' hiding talent and maintaining integrity'. After becoming a humble hexagram, it emphasizes the way of humility, even if one has talent, they will not flaunt it, and wait for the right time to act. This hexagram reminds people to hide their light and maintain humility when the time is not ripe; When the opportunity arises, we should serve the public with a public heart, persist to the end without any personal thoughts. The core spirit of the Qian hexagram is "to humble oneself as a shepherd",
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Kun Hexagram · Line 6: "Dragons fight in the wild. Their blood is dark and yellow."
Symbolic Meaning: This line depicts a fierce, bloody conflict between dragons (symbolizing the extreme, exhausted Yin energy of Kun clashing with Yang). It represents the end of pure submission.
Influence of Position: As a yin line in a yin place (the 6th position), it is correctly placed but represents the extreme end of the hexagram.
Alternating Hexagram: When this line changes (from yin to yang), Kun becomes Bo / Splitting Apart ( Mountain over Earth).
Relationship of Meanings: The new hexagram, Bo, symbolizes decay, erosion, and a downfall where one should not advance.
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