I think this idea is wrong.The addition of figures in Chinese landscape paintings aims to reflect the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature. Landscape paintings can be realistic or impressionistic, and their authenticity cannot be completely denied.
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2. Your idea on the difference between Chinese traditional painting and western landscape painting.
1）Describe: from the layout of the paintings, what are the obvious differences between Chinese and Western paintings?
2）Argue: Some western scholars argue, based on the apparent formal differences between Chinese and Western landscape paintings, first that the Chinese have the idea of“heaven and man merging into one”( tian ren heyi 天人合一), man is not separated from nature and Chinese landscape thus represents pure nature with no human figures in the center"; second, "Western landscape tends to be more realistic than its Chinese counterpart". How do you agree with these two points? Do they seem reasonable to you? What do they see? What do they overlook?
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1.In Chinese landscape paintings, there are people, but compared with nature, people are very insignificant. What Chinese landscape paintings emphasize more is the beauty of mountains and rivers. 2. Chinese landscape paintings, while depicting reality, endow them with an extremely high artistic conception, reaching a realm where there is poetry within the painting.
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The Chinese paintings place emphasis on the inner truth.
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I do not agree. As someone say there is no man in secenery paintings, thats quite natural that removing people from hills and streams. However, there are still many real people in them. Like Qingmingshanghe the most typical. Actually, Gongbi and Xieyi are two major part of Chinses paintings. In Goingbi paintings, we can see many things like ones in real life
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1. There are people in Chinese landscape paintings. Chinese landscape paintings do not directly depict people; instead, they use objects to convey the message. For example, in a landscape painting, there is a small boat. This small boat often symbolizes a person.
2. I think it is real. Chinese landscape paintings merely emphasize the overall harmony and the grandeur of nature.
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There are people in Chinese landscape paintings, but they take up a relatively small proportion, highlighting the mountains and waters instead. Chinese landscape paintings are definitely realistic, based on real existence and then with imagination added, they are hazy and vague, leaving more room for the viewers to daydream.
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Chinese paintings have figures, but they do not dominate the picture; instead, they are more integrated into nature. Moreover, Chinese painting and Western painting have different pursuits and theories, and cannot be judged by such standards; they only see the differences in medium and composition, but ignore their respective aesthetic systems.
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The viewpoint has clear flaws. First, it ignores Chinese landscape diversity: not all lack humans (pastoral works have key human figures), and "human-less" ones, with traces like pavilions, embody "tian ren heyi", not pure nature. Second, its "realism" view is one-sided: Western landscapes (e.g., Impressionism) broke realism, while Chinese "non-realism" pursues "conveying spirit"—a different aesthetic reality. Using Western standards overlooks its unique logic.
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These two points have some validity but also overlook key aspects. They see the emphasis on harmony with nature in Chinese landscape painting and the focus on realistic representation in Western landscape painting. However, they ignore the diversity within both Chinese and Western art traditions and the fact that Chinese painting also has realistic elements and Western painting pursues spiritual expression.
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