From the internal mechanism, "the way of loyalty and forgiveness" is a process of "promoting oneself and others". From a realistic point of view, as the basic principle of Confucianism to deal with the relationship between real people and me, "the way of loyalty and forgiveness" is essentially a psychological process of emotional interaction and the process of realization of the value of inner "benevolence" virtue. From the ethical and spiritual level, in the process of "promoting oneself and others", a noble spirit of tolerance, respect and equality is reflected.
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问 Why Did Confucius Describe His Perseverance Between Chen and Cai as the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness"?
Please conduct a brief research and answer the question: Why did Confucius refer to his perseverance in the difficult situation between Chen and Cai as adhering to the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness" that he consistently upheld?
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According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius was invited by the King of Chu to bring his disciples to the state of Chu. When he went to the border of the states of Chen and CAI, he was trapped there for various reasons. Confucius and his disciples were unable to move, they lacked food and cooking, and all of them fell ill. In such a difficult situation, Confucius still insisted on preaching and lecturing for his disciples, and played music more than ever. The disciples were also a little unhappy, so Confucius called Zi Lu, Zi Gong, and Yan Hui to give their opinions on the "way" they had done. Zi Lu thought that they had not done enough "benevolence" and "wisdom" to be convinced by others. Zi Gong thought that the "tao" of their practice was too big to be accepted by more people; And Yan Hui believes that it is not because there is a problem with the "Tao" they believe in, but those who do not understand the "Tao" deliberately make difficulties, but even so, they should still spread this "Tao" to the world.
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When Confucius was in distress between Chen and Cai, "loyalty" was reflected in his loyalty to his ideals and beliefs as well as to his disciples. Despite being in a difficult situation, he still adhered to his teachings and did not forget to educate his disciples. "Forgiveness" was shown in his tolerance of the difficult situation without complaining about fate, and in his acceptance of different opinions among his disciples, which exactly embodied the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness".
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Loyalty is self-interest, and Confucius, even in Chen Cai's difficult situation, did not give up his loyalty to the Tao and to himself
Forgiveness is about altruism and self-interest, and Confucius did not reproach his students even in the face of their doubts, but chose to forgive -
Firstly, in terms of loyalty, he remained steadfast in his pursuit of the Dao despite the harsh circumstances. He was loyal to his beliefs and ideals, believing that his teachings could bring order and morality to the world. Even in the face of difficulties such as being besieged and facing starvation, he did not waver in his commitment to spreading the Dao.
Secondly, regarding forgiveness, Confucius showed understanding and tolerance towards others. The officials of Chen and Cai besieged him out of their own concerns and fears. Instead of harboring resentment, Confucius understo
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Confucius' experience between Chen and CAI is the embodiment of his persistence and practice of loyalty and forgiveness. In spite of difficulties and challenges, Confucius held firm to his moral convictions and philosophical principles, which shows his deep understanding and firm practice of loyalty and forgiveness . His behavior is not only the maintenance of personal morality, but also the pursuit of the ideal social order and interpersonal relations . Thus, Confucius described his persistence between Chen and CAI as "the way of loyalty and forgiveness," which reflected his emphasis on personal virtue and social responsibility, as well as his relentless pursuit of an ideal social order.
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Confucius' perseverance in the difficult situation between Chen and Cai was seen as adhering to the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness" for the following reasons.
Loyalty:
-Loyalty to ideals: Confucius firmly believed in the restoration of Zhou rites and promoting benevolent governance. Despite hardships, he was loyal to these political and ethical ideals, believing that correct ruling should be based on loyalty to propriety, righteousness, and benevolence. His teachings about proper behavior of rulers and harmonious relationships were part of his loyalty to the ideal social order.
- Loyalty to students: In this difficult situation, he was loyal to his students. He continued to teach them knowledge and moral lessons, guiding them to face difficulties bravely and uphold their beliefs. His conversations with students about life meaning and the pursuit of the Tao showed his loyalty to their growth.
Forgiveness:
Forgiveness of the outside world: Facing difficulties like lack of food and danger between Chen and Cai, he did not resent the external environment or those who might have caused the problems. He maintained an open and inclusive attitude, believing people should forgive the world's imperfections and improve it through positive actions.
- Forgiveness within the group: Among his followers, there might have been different reactions and wavering. Confucius forgave their possible weaknesses, continued to encourage and lead them forward, believing people could progress through self - cultivation and correction instead of blaming for shortcomings.
In summary, his experience in this situation reflected his unwavering beliefs, positive attitude to the outside world, and his way of dealing with people around him in difficulties, thus being regarded as adhering to the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness".
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Loyalty: refers to doing one's best, that is, the goal one hopes to achieve, and also hopes that others can achieve it. It is a positive attitude that requires one to give wholeheartedly in all kinds of relationships, including to monarchs, friends, family, etc., to think of others and try to help them achieve their wishes.
Forgive: It is to give oneself to others, that is, do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you. This is a negative attitude that requires people to be considerate and understanding when treating others, not to do things they are unwilling to bear to others, and to show respect and tolerance for others.
Confucius' way of loyalty and forgiveness is a kind of moral code based on empathy and tolerance, which requires individuals to be considerate of others in their behavior, which is not only conducive to personal moral cultivation, but also conducive to social harmony and progress.
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In this experience, Confucius and his disciples encountered great difficulties, but Confucius still insisted on teaching, reciting, playing the zither, and singing, without giving up his moral pursuit and educational mission. This reflects the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness" advocated by Confucius, which means being loyal to one's moral beliefs and possessing profound moral cultivation.
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Confucius' perseverance between Chen and Cai is regarded as the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness" for several reasons.
When surrounded in Chen and Cai, Confucius was in a very hard situation. His "loyalty" is shown in his firm dedication to his philosophical beliefs. Despite difficulties, he still remained committed to promoting the ideal social order based on kindness and justice. He continued to teach his disciples, showing loyalty to spreading knowledge.
As for "forgiveness", in such a tough situation, Confucius didn't resent the outside world. He kept a calm and open-minded attitude. Instead of blaming others for his difficult situation, he reflected on society with tolerance. This is why he described that period as the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness".
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First of all, the meaning of loyalty includes dedication to others, strict requirements on themselves, not only to be loyal to others, not to betray but also to be honest with themselves and worthy of the heart. Forgiveness means not doing to others what you do not want to do to yourself, and being understanding and tolerant of others.
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"Loyalty" is for Confucius to seek a state friend in the vassal states, for the people of the world to seek a society full of love. "Forgiveness" is because Confucius understood the contest between the vassal states, understand that he was trapped because of the struggle between the vassal states. Confucius knows how to forgive, from the perspective of others.
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During this period, Confucius and his disciples encountered great difficulties and challenges between Chen and CAI, but Confucius still adhered to his own ideas and moral principles. This sacred behavior reflects the practice of "loyalty and forgiveness" in Confucian philosophy. The loyalty refers to being loyal to one's own ideas and principles, and not changing one's original intention even in the face of life and death. Confucius never gave up his original heart while facing risks of life. This unswerving attitude is a vital part of Confucius' thought, which requires that one should maintain a firm pursuit of morality under all circumstances.
"Forgive" means to forgive and understand others, even in extremely difficult circumstances, to be able to think from the perspective of others, and not to impose their own will on others. This spirit emphasizes empathy and respect for others. Confucius didn't complain about his difficulties but showed his kindness.
Confucius' perseverance between Chen and CAI is not only loyalty to his moral beliefs, but also forgiveness and understanding of others and society.
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Confucius' way of loyalty and forgiveness refers to doing one's best, that is, the goal one wishes to achieve, which is a positive attitude. It also requires people to be considerate and understanding when treating others, not to do things they are unwilling to bear to others, reflecting respect and tolerance for others. So this perseverance makes perfect sense.
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Confucius characterized his determination during his time in the regions of Chen and Cai as the "Path of Allegiance and Tolerance," as it embodies the essential tenets of his doctrine, which are pivotal to his discourse on individual morality and leadership.
During his time in Chen and Cai, Confucius remained loyal to his beliefs and teachings despite the hardships he faced. He did not compromise his principles for personal gain or safety, which is a testament to his commitment to loyalty.
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1、Confucius described his perseverance between Chen and Cai as the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness" because this incident exemplified his unwavering commitment to his principles and his ability to maintain patience and tolerance in adversity.
2、The "Way of Loyalty" reflects Confucius' steadfast adherence to his beliefs and principles, even in the face of great difficulties. He remained loyal to his teaching and his mission to spread the values of kindness, fairness, politeness, wisdom, and sincerity. This loyalty was not only to his own ideas but also to the higher ideals of humanity and morality that he sought to promote.
3、The "Way of Forgiveness" is evident in Confucius' response to his adversity. Despite being mistreated, he maintained a calm demeanor and did not hold grudges against those who wronged him. This tolerance and forgiveness serve as a powerful reminder that one should not let temporary setbacks or the actions of others dictate one's behavior.
4、In conclusion, Confucius' perseverance between Chen and Cai as the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness" embodies his commitment to his principles, his patience in adversity, and his ability to forgive and move forward. These qualities are not only essential for personal growth but also for the promotion of harmony and progress in society. -
Loyalty is to do your best. Confucius still persisted in preaching his own theories and thoughts in the difficult situation, bent on restoring the rites of Zhou and promoting benevolent government, and did not give up his beliefs and ambitions because of setbacks. This is the loyalty to their own ideals, to the dissemination of the road to do their best.
Forgive me, but I have pushed it to others. Confucius' generosity and understanding of others in his predicament also reflect "forgiveness".
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Confucius' s description of his perseverance between Chen and Cai as the "Way of Loyalty and Forgive ness"can be understood through the lens of his teachings and personal experiences. While there isn'ta direct quotation from Confucius linking his perseverance during this period specifically to the" Way 0f Loyalty and Forgiveness," we can infer this interpretation from his broader philosophical teachings and the historical context.
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When Confucius faced difficulties between Chen and Cai, he remained committed to his beliefs and ideals, never yielding to adversity. This adherence to his convictions and perseverance are manifestations of "loyalty". What's more, he understood and accepted the different viewpoints and positions of others, resolving conflicts in a peaceful manner. This tolerance and understanding are demonstrations of "forgiveness".
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It is because Confucius and his disciples showed great moral character and perseverance in this difficult situation. Confucius' fourteen years of traveling around the world, especially Chen CAI Zhihe, is the key period of the maturity of Confucianism. Confucius' performance in difficult situations not only demonstrated his moral character, but also influenced the spread and development of Confucianism . Confucius held fast to his faith in the difficult situation, singing incessantly and examining himself. Although his disciples vacillated, they still walked majestically, unmoved. This spirit of adhering to faith and moral principles in difficult times is the embodiment of the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness" .
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Loyalty and forgiveness are moral norms of Confucianism, which refer to "loyalty" as being wholeheartedly devoted to others, and "forgiveness" as being considerate of oneself and others. A loyal person has no two hearts and no two intentions; Forgive oneself and others, understanding the beginning and end. Loyalty; Forgive. Loyalty and forgiveness are ethical principles in Chinese Confucianism that govern relationships between individuals. Loyalty "means striving to plan for others and win the hearts of the people, hence it is called loyalty; 'Forgive' means to extend oneself to others, just like the heart of a person, so it is called forgiveness.
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His persistence in the dilemma between Chen and CAI is called upholding the "way of loyalty and the way of forgiveness" that he has always insisted on, and there may be several reasons for this:
1, the way of loyalty: Confucius has always upheld the adherence to morality and the requirements of the gentleman. In the plight of Chen CAI, he still maintained the integrity of a gentleman and did not change his moral pursuit because of poverty. He stuck to his political ideas and moral standards, even when his life was in danger. This kind of adherence to morality and the requirement of the gentleman is exactly the way of loyalty advocated by Confucius.
2. The Way of forgiveness: In difficult situations, Confucius not only upheld his moral principles, but also showed forgiveness and tolerance for his disciples. In the face of his disciples' doubts and dissatisfaction, he taught patiently and did not get angry or give up because of their emotions. He used his own actions to explain the way of forgiveness, that is, to tolerate the shortcomings of others, understand the difficulties of others, and face difficulties with a broad mind.
To sum up, Confucius' perseverance in the plight of Chen CAI's lack of food is the embodiment of his consistent adherence to the path of loyalty and forgiveness.
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In Confucianism, the Dao refers to the proper path of conduct or morality. By describing his perseverance between Chen and Cai as embodying the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness," one can understand that Confucius saw his actions during this difficult time as an exemplification of the proper way to live. His loyalty to his principles and his forgiveness towards his adversaries were not just personal traits, but were seen as essential components of the Confucian way of life.
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A noble person is who sacrifices themselves for others.Virtue cannot be revealed without hardship and testing.The difficulties and setbacks at Chen and Cai were considered by Confucius to be a good test, which strengthened his will, determination, and perseverance. In this sense, it turned a bad thing into a good one.
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Because despite the difficulties that Confucius and his disciples faced under siege, he remained faithful to his inner mission of education and moral convictions, and worked as an epitome of Ren. At the same time, his forgiveness is reflected in his tolerance of Chen Cai, which is also consistent with the overall goal of achieving political harmony and stability in Confucianism.
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1. Confucius devoted his life to promoting his own teachings, hoping to rebuild the social order and achieve universal harmony through the power of morality. In the dilemma between Chen and CAI, although they were facing hunger, danger and other difficult situations, he did not give up his ideals and missions, and still insisted on lecturing, reciting poetry, playing the piano and singing. This persistent pursuit of ideals is the practice of "loyalty". In difficult situations, Confucius led by example, even in extremely difficult situations, he still maintained a gentleman's demeanor and moral integrity, which is the adherence to self-moral cultivation.
2. When the doctors of Chen and CAI worried that Confucius would bring disadvantage to the state of Chu and besiege them, Confucius did not hold too much resentment and blame, but understood their position and concerns with a tolerant attitude. This reflects the spirit of "do not do to others what you do not want to do to yourself". Confucius was able to think from the point of view of others and not impose his will on others, even if the actions of others caused him difficulties and pain. Secondly, Confucius knew that in the process of implementing his ideals, he would inevitably encounter various difficulties and setbacks, and he regarded the dilemma between Chen and CAI as a test and experience, and this kind of calm acceptance and positive response to the dilemma was also the embodiment of the spirit of "forgiveness".
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Confucius described his perseverance between the states of Chen and Cai as the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness," a phrase that reflects his personal character and philosophical principles in the face of adversity. This expression comes from a passage in the Analects, where Confucius reflects on the difficulties he encountered during his political career, particularly in the states of Chen and Cai. These states were part of the fragmented political landscape of the Spring and Autumn period, and Confucius traveled through them hoping to find an ideal ruler who would adopt his philosophy of virtuous governance. Despite his efforts to engage with rulers and officials, he was often met with rejection and indifference.
The "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness" can be understood through his actions during this period. First, loyalty to his ideals was central to Confucius' approach. He firmly believed that society could be restored to order through governance based on benevolence (ren) and propriety (li), even in a time of political turmoil and resistance. Even though he faced rejection, he remained committed to this vision and continued to search for a ruler who would embrace these principles, demonstrating his loyalty to his mission.
"Forgiveness," on the other hand, reflects Confucius' ability to maintain composure and kindness despite repeated rejections. Instead of harboring resentment or anger, he practiced ren—forgiving others for their failures to recognize his teachings. His capacity for forgiveness allowed him to continue offering guidance, showing patience and forbearance. In Confucian philosophy, forgiveness is not about condoning wrongs but about letting go of personal grievances and continuing to act in accordance with virtue.
Therefore, when Confucius spoke of the "Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness," he was not only describing his own perseverance but also illustrating the deeper Confucian values of moral integrity, patience, and the importance of remaining committed to one’s principles, even in the face of adversity. This approach was not just a personal demonstration but also a model for his disciples: in the face of political challenges and personal setbacks, true leadership lies in maintaining loyalty to one's ideals and practicing forgiveness toward others. -
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